Иностранный язык – страница 51
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Constructing Walls for Buildings
1. Walls may be constructed in different forms. The walls include windows and doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. The doors and windows provide for controlled passage of environmental factors and people through the wall line. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are fixed from inside the building. After this, the 900 mm and 1.800 mm wide exterior doors are installed. These doors are aluminum framed.
2. All walls are also designed to provide resistance to passage of fire for some defined period of time, such as a one-hour wall. The function of resisting fire is fulfilled by stanchions. The stanchions are enclosed in casings.
3. The walls are divided into interior and exterior walls. The exterior walls protect the building interior from external environmental effects such as heat and cold, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, rain, sound, while containing desirable interior environmental conditions. The exterior walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks. The wall planks are designed to be weatherproof and to support the outer cladding.
Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.
Constructing Walls for Buildings
1. Walls may be constructed in different forms. The walls include windows and doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. The doors and windows provide for controlled passage of environmental factors and people through the wall line. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are fixed from inside the building. After this, the 900 mm and 1.800 mm wide exterior doors are installed. These doors are aluminum framed.
2. All walls are also designed to provide resistance to passage of fire for some defined period of time, such as a one-hour wall. The function of resisting fire is fulfilled by stanchions. The stanchions are enclosed in casings.
3. The walls are divided into interior and exterior walls. The exterior walls protect the building interior from external environmental effects such as heat and cold, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, rain, sound, while containing desirable interior environmental conditions. The exterior walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks. The wall planks are designed to be weatherproof and to support the outer cladding.
Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.
3 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Constructing Walls for Buildings
1. Walls may be constructed in different forms. The walls include windows and doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. The doors and windows provide for controlled passage of environmental factors and people through the wall line. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are fixed from inside the building. After this, the 900 mm and 1.800 mm wide exterior doors are installed. These doors are aluminum framed.
2. All walls are also designed to provide resistance to passage of fire for some defined period of time, such as a one-hour wall. The function of resisting fire is fulfilled by stanchions. The stanchions are enclosed in casings.
3. The walls are divided into interior and exterior walls. The exterior walls protect the building interior from external environmental effects such as heat and cold, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, rain, sound, while containing desirable interior environmental conditions. The exterior walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks. The wall planks are designed to be weatherproof and to support the outer cladding.
Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста.
Heat and cold, sunlight and rain, can be together called …
Constructing Walls for Buildings
1. Walls may be constructed in different forms. The walls include windows and doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. The doors and windows provide for controlled passage of environmental factors and people through the wall line. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are fixed from inside the building. After this, the 900 mm and 1.800 mm wide exterior doors are installed. These doors are aluminum framed.
2. All walls are also designed to provide resistance to passage of fire for some defined period of time, such as a one-hour wall. The function of resisting fire is fulfilled by stanchions. The stanchions are enclosed in casings.
3. The walls are divided into interior and exterior walls. The exterior walls protect the building interior from external environmental effects such as heat and cold, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, rain, sound, while containing desirable interior environmental conditions. The exterior walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks. The wall planks are designed to be weatherproof and to support the outer cladding.
Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста.
Heat and cold, sunlight and rain, can be together called …
4 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Constructing Walls for Buildings
1. Walls may be constructed in different forms. The walls include windows and doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. The doors and windows provide for controlled passage of environmental factors and people through the wall line. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are fixed from inside the building. After this, the 900 mm and 1.800 mm wide exterior doors are installed. These doors are aluminum framed.
2. All walls are also designed to provide resistance to passage of fire for some defined period of time, such as a one-hour wall. The function of resisting fire is fulfilled by stanchions. The stanchions are enclosed in casings.
3. The walls are divided into interior and exterior walls. The exterior walls protect the building interior from external environmental effects such as heat and cold, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, rain, sound, while containing desirable interior environmental conditions. The exterior walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks. The wall planks are designed to be weatherproof and to support the outer cladding.
Ответьте на вопрос.
What can a wall contain?
Constructing Walls for Buildings
1. Walls may be constructed in different forms. The walls include windows and doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. The doors and windows provide for controlled passage of environmental factors and people through the wall line. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are fixed from inside the building. After this, the 900 mm and 1.800 mm wide exterior doors are installed. These doors are aluminum framed.
2. All walls are also designed to provide resistance to passage of fire for some defined period of time, such as a one-hour wall. The function of resisting fire is fulfilled by stanchions. The stanchions are enclosed in casings.
3. The walls are divided into interior and exterior walls. The exterior walls protect the building interior from external environmental effects such as heat and cold, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, rain, sound, while containing desirable interior environmental conditions. The exterior walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks. The wall planks are designed to be weatherproof and to support the outer cladding.
Ответьте на вопрос.
What can a wall contain?
5 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Constructing Walls for Buildings
1. Walls may be constructed in different forms. The walls include windows and doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. The doors and windows provide for controlled passage of environmental factors and people through the wall line. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are fixed from inside the building. After this, the 900 mm and 1.800 mm wide exterior doors are installed. These doors are aluminum framed.
2. All walls are also designed to provide resistance to passage of fire for some defined period of time, such as a one-hour wall. The function of resisting fire is fulfilled by stanchions. The stanchions are enclosed in casings.
3. The walls are divided into interior and exterior walls. The exterior walls protect the building interior from external environmental effects such as heat and cold, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, rain, sound, while containing desirable interior environmental conditions. The exterior walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks. The wall planks are designed to be weatherproof and to support the outer cladding.
Определите основную идею текста.
Constructing Walls for Buildings
1. Walls may be constructed in different forms. The walls include windows and doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. The doors and windows provide for controlled passage of environmental factors and people through the wall line. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are fixed from inside the building. After this, the 900 mm and 1.800 mm wide exterior doors are installed. These doors are aluminum framed.
2. All walls are also designed to provide resistance to passage of fire for some defined period of time, such as a one-hour wall. The function of resisting fire is fulfilled by stanchions. The stanchions are enclosed in casings.
3. The walls are divided into interior and exterior walls. The exterior walls protect the building interior from external environmental effects such as heat and cold, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, rain, sound, while containing desirable interior environmental conditions. The exterior walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks. The wall planks are designed to be weatherproof and to support the outer cladding.
Определите основную идею текста.
8 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Egyptian Architecture
1. The architecture of Egypt developed from the 3rd millennium B.C. to the Roman period. During this period artists and craftsmen were drawn to the court to work under the patronage of the King and his great nobles. Techniques of the working in stone, wood and metal made tremendous progress. The most outstanding achievements of this period are massive funerary monuments and temples build of stone for permanence, featuring only post-and-lintel construction, corbel vaults without arches or vaulting, and pyramids.
2. This architecture gave the world the earliest building in dressed stone, invented the column, capital and cornice. Features characteristic of the ancient Egyptian architecture also include the obelisk, the steeply battered pylon, the symbolical lotus column, and incised relief decoration without any structural relevance.
3. The pyramids of the Old Kingdom, majestically planted on the desert edge, are the most spectacular of all funerary works and the only remained wonder of the world. The world’s first large-scale monument in stone is Zoser’s necropolis at Sahara, built it 2766 B.C. by the Imhotep, the earliest named architect. These monuments celebrated the divinity of the kings of Egypt, linking the people with the great gods of earth and sky.
Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.
Egyptian Architecture
1. The architecture of Egypt developed from the 3rd millennium B.C. to the Roman period. During this period artists and craftsmen were drawn to the court to work under the patronage of the King and his great nobles. Techniques of the working in stone, wood and metal made tremendous progress. The most outstanding achievements of this period are massive funerary monuments and temples build of stone for permanence, featuring only post-and-lintel construction, corbel vaults without arches or vaulting, and pyramids.
2. This architecture gave the world the earliest building in dressed stone, invented the column, capital and cornice. Features characteristic of the ancient Egyptian architecture also include the obelisk, the steeply battered pylon, the symbolical lotus column, and incised relief decoration without any structural relevance.
3. The pyramids of the Old Kingdom, majestically planted on the desert edge, are the most spectacular of all funerary works and the only remained wonder of the world. The world’s first large-scale monument in stone is Zoser’s necropolis at Sahara, built it 2766 B.C. by the Imhotep, the earliest named architect. These monuments celebrated the divinity of the kings of Egypt, linking the people with the great gods of earth and sky.
Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.
9 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Egyptian Architecture
1. The architecture of Egypt developed from the 3rd millennium B.C. to the Roman period. During this period artists and craftsmen were drawn to the court to work under the patronage of the King and his great nobles. Techniques of the working in stone, wood and metal made tremendous progress. The most outstanding achievements of this period are massive funerary monuments and temples build of stone for permanence, featuring only post-and-lintel construction, corbel vaults without arches or vaulting, and pyramids.
2. This architecture gave the world the earliest building in dressed stone, invented the column, capital and cornice. Features characteristic of the ancient Egyptian architecture also include the obelisk, the steeply battered pylon, the symbolical lotus column, and incised relief decoration without any structural relevance.
3. The pyramids of the Old Kingdom, majestically planted on the desert edge, are the most spectacular of all funerary works and the only remained wonder of the world. The world’s first large-scale monument in stone is Zoser’s necropolis at Sahara, built it 2766 B.C. by the Imhotep, the earliest named architect. These monuments celebrated the divinity of the kings of Egypt, linking the people with the great gods of earth and sky.
Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста.
The column, capital and cornice are …
Egyptian Architecture
1. The architecture of Egypt developed from the 3rd millennium B.C. to the Roman period. During this period artists and craftsmen were drawn to the court to work under the patronage of the King and his great nobles. Techniques of the working in stone, wood and metal made tremendous progress. The most outstanding achievements of this period are massive funerary monuments and temples build of stone for permanence, featuring only post-and-lintel construction, corbel vaults without arches or vaulting, and pyramids.
2. This architecture gave the world the earliest building in dressed stone, invented the column, capital and cornice. Features characteristic of the ancient Egyptian architecture also include the obelisk, the steeply battered pylon, the symbolical lotus column, and incised relief decoration without any structural relevance.
3. The pyramids of the Old Kingdom, majestically planted on the desert edge, are the most spectacular of all funerary works and the only remained wonder of the world. The world’s first large-scale monument in stone is Zoser’s necropolis at Sahara, built it 2766 B.C. by the Imhotep, the earliest named architect. These monuments celebrated the divinity of the kings of Egypt, linking the people with the great gods of earth and sky.
Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста.
The column, capital and cornice are …
10 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Egyptian Architecture
1. The architecture of Egypt developed from the 3rd millennium B.C. to the Roman period. During this period artists and craftsmen were drawn to the court to work under the patronage of the King and his great nobles. Techniques of the working in stone, wood and metal made tremendous progress. The most outstanding achievements of this period are massive funerary monuments and temples build of stone for permanence, featuring only post-and-lintel construction, corbel vaults without arches or vaulting, and pyramids.
2. This architecture gave the world the earliest building in dressed stone, invented the column, capital and cornice. Features characteristic of the ancient Egyptian architecture also include the obelisk, the steeply battered pylon, the symbolical lotus column, and incised relief decoration without any structural relevance.
3. The pyramids of the Old Kingdom, majestically planted on the desert edge, are the most spectacular of all funerary works and the only remained wonder of the world. The world’s first large-scale monument in stone is Zoser’s necropolis at Sahara, built it 2766 B.C. by the Imhotep, the earliest named architect. These monuments celebrated the divinity of the kings of Egypt, linking the people with the great gods of earth and sky.
Ответьте на вопрос.
What materials did ancient Egyptian architects work with?
Egyptian Architecture
1. The architecture of Egypt developed from the 3rd millennium B.C. to the Roman period. During this period artists and craftsmen were drawn to the court to work under the patronage of the King and his great nobles. Techniques of the working in stone, wood and metal made tremendous progress. The most outstanding achievements of this period are massive funerary monuments and temples build of stone for permanence, featuring only post-and-lintel construction, corbel vaults without arches or vaulting, and pyramids.
2. This architecture gave the world the earliest building in dressed stone, invented the column, capital and cornice. Features characteristic of the ancient Egyptian architecture also include the obelisk, the steeply battered pylon, the symbolical lotus column, and incised relief decoration without any structural relevance.
3. The pyramids of the Old Kingdom, majestically planted on the desert edge, are the most spectacular of all funerary works and the only remained wonder of the world. The world’s first large-scale monument in stone is Zoser’s necropolis at Sahara, built it 2766 B.C. by the Imhotep, the earliest named architect. These monuments celebrated the divinity of the kings of Egypt, linking the people with the great gods of earth and sky.
Ответьте на вопрос.
What materials did ancient Egyptian architects work with?
11 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Egyptian Architecture
1. The architecture of Egypt developed from the 3rd millennium B.C. to the Roman period. During this period artists and craftsmen were drawn to the court to work under the patronage of the King and his great nobles. Techniques of the working in stone, wood and metal made tremendous progress. The most outstanding achievements of this period are massive funerary monuments and temples build of stone for permanence, featuring only post-and-lintel construction, corbel vaults without arches or vaulting, and pyramids.
2. This architecture gave the world the earliest building in dressed stone, invented the column, capital and cornice. Features characteristic of the ancient Egyptian architecture also include the obelisk, the steeply battered pylon, the symbolical lotus column, and incised relief decoration without any structural relevance.
3. The pyramids of the Old Kingdom, majestically planted on the desert edge, are the most spectacular of all funerary works and the only remained wonder of the world. The world’s first large-scale monument in stone is Zoser’s necropolis at Sahara, built it 2766 B.C. by the Imhotep, the earliest named architect. These monuments celebrated the divinity of the kings of Egypt, linking the people with the great gods of earth and sky.
Определите основную идею текста.
Egyptian Architecture
1. The architecture of Egypt developed from the 3rd millennium B.C. to the Roman period. During this period artists and craftsmen were drawn to the court to work under the patronage of the King and his great nobles. Techniques of the working in stone, wood and metal made tremendous progress. The most outstanding achievements of this period are massive funerary monuments and temples build of stone for permanence, featuring only post-and-lintel construction, corbel vaults without arches or vaulting, and pyramids.
2. This architecture gave the world the earliest building in dressed stone, invented the column, capital and cornice. Features characteristic of the ancient Egyptian architecture also include the obelisk, the steeply battered pylon, the symbolical lotus column, and incised relief decoration without any structural relevance.
3. The pyramids of the Old Kingdom, majestically planted on the desert edge, are the most spectacular of all funerary works and the only remained wonder of the world. The world’s first large-scale monument in stone is Zoser’s necropolis at Sahara, built it 2766 B.C. by the Imhotep, the earliest named architect. These monuments celebrated the divinity of the kings of Egypt, linking the people with the great gods of earth and sky.
Определите основную идею текста.
14 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Plastic Materials
1. Plastic materials are not found in nature. Plastic is formed by extrusion or injection molding under very high pressure. It can be molded into any desired shape. Organic plastics are divided into two general groups: thermosetting and thermoplastic. The thermosetting group becomes rigid through a chemical change that occurs when heat is applied. These plastics cannot be remolded. The thermoplastic group remains soft at high temperatures and must be cooled before becoming rigid. This group is not used generally as a structural material.
2. Plastics are rapidly becoming important construction materials because of their great variety, strength, durability and lightness. Plastics are light. The benefits of light weight coupled with good strength and absence of corrosion offer tremendous potential as alternatives to traditional building materials. A given volume of polythene weights less than one-eighth of an equal volume of iron and less than half of the same volume of aluminum.
3. Plastics are used in the industry and in the household: from rockets and electronics to toys and house ware. Plastic products offer many advantages over the materials they replace, such as ease of handling, lower maintenance costs and rapidity of assembly. The insulation and dielectric properties of plastics led to their early use in the electrical engineering industry, which was followed by special application in mechanical engineering.
4. Using of plastics as materials for a construction in the form of sheets, rods or tubes is substituting the conventional metals. Plastics offer a lot of properties for the designs. Plastics have now been developed to such an extent that they can be applied to almost every branch of building, from the laying of foundations to the final coat of paint.
Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.
Plastic Materials
1. Plastic materials are not found in nature. Plastic is formed by extrusion or injection molding under very high pressure. It can be molded into any desired shape. Organic plastics are divided into two general groups: thermosetting and thermoplastic. The thermosetting group becomes rigid through a chemical change that occurs when heat is applied. These plastics cannot be remolded. The thermoplastic group remains soft at high temperatures and must be cooled before becoming rigid. This group is not used generally as a structural material.
2. Plastics are rapidly becoming important construction materials because of their great variety, strength, durability and lightness. Plastics are light. The benefits of light weight coupled with good strength and absence of corrosion offer tremendous potential as alternatives to traditional building materials. A given volume of polythene weights less than one-eighth of an equal volume of iron and less than half of the same volume of aluminum.
3. Plastics are used in the industry and in the household: from rockets and electronics to toys and house ware. Plastic products offer many advantages over the materials they replace, such as ease of handling, lower maintenance costs and rapidity of assembly. The insulation and dielectric properties of plastics led to their early use in the electrical engineering industry, which was followed by special application in mechanical engineering.
4. Using of plastics as materials for a construction in the form of sheets, rods or tubes is substituting the conventional metals. Plastics offer a lot of properties for the designs. Plastics have now been developed to such an extent that they can be applied to almost every branch of building, from the laying of foundations to the final coat of paint.
Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.
15 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Plastic Materials
1. Plastic materials are not found in nature. Plastic is formed by extrusion or injection molding under very high pressure. It can be molded into any desired shape. Organic plastics are divided into two general groups: thermosetting and thermoplastic. The thermosetting group becomes rigid through a chemical change that occurs when heat is applied. These plastics cannot be remolded. The thermoplastic group remains soft at high temperatures and must be cooled before becoming rigid. This group is not used generally as a structural material.
2. Plastics are rapidly becoming important construction materials because of their great variety, strength, durability and lightness. Plastics are light. The benefits of light weight coupled with good strength and absence of corrosion offer tremendous potential as alternatives to traditional building materials. A given volume of polythene weights less than one-eighth of an equal volume of iron and less than half of the same volume of aluminum.
3. Plastics are used in the industry and in the household: from rockets and electronics to toys and house ware. Plastic products offer many advantages over the materials they replace, such as ease of handling, lower maintenance costs and rapidity of assembly. The insulation and dielectric properties of plastics led to their early use in the electrical engineering industry, which was followed by special application in mechanical engineering.
4. Using of plastics as materials for a construction in the form of sheets, rods or tubes is substituting the conventional metals. Plastics offer a lot of properties for the designs. Plastics have now been developed to such an extent that they can be applied to almost every branch of building, from the laying of foundations to the final coat of paint.
Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста.
Plastics have found wide application …
Plastic Materials
1. Plastic materials are not found in nature. Plastic is formed by extrusion or injection molding under very high pressure. It can be molded into any desired shape. Organic plastics are divided into two general groups: thermosetting and thermoplastic. The thermosetting group becomes rigid through a chemical change that occurs when heat is applied. These plastics cannot be remolded. The thermoplastic group remains soft at high temperatures and must be cooled before becoming rigid. This group is not used generally as a structural material.
2. Plastics are rapidly becoming important construction materials because of their great variety, strength, durability and lightness. Plastics are light. The benefits of light weight coupled with good strength and absence of corrosion offer tremendous potential as alternatives to traditional building materials. A given volume of polythene weights less than one-eighth of an equal volume of iron and less than half of the same volume of aluminum.
3. Plastics are used in the industry and in the household: from rockets and electronics to toys and house ware. Plastic products offer many advantages over the materials they replace, such as ease of handling, lower maintenance costs and rapidity of assembly. The insulation and dielectric properties of plastics led to their early use in the electrical engineering industry, which was followed by special application in mechanical engineering.
4. Using of plastics as materials for a construction in the form of sheets, rods or tubes is substituting the conventional metals. Plastics offer a lot of properties for the designs. Plastics have now been developed to such an extent that they can be applied to almost every branch of building, from the laying of foundations to the final coat of paint.
Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста.
Plastics have found wide application …