Иностранный язык (английский) – страница 4
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When the value of a nation’s currency is decreasing in terms of other currencies, its exports are likely to increase because they will be less expensive to people in foreign countries. Imports, in these circumstances are likely to decrease because foreign goods will become more expensive. When a nation’s currency is appreciating in terms of other currencies, the opposite is likely to occur.
When the value of a nation’s currency is decreasing in terms of other currencies, its exports are likely to increase because they will be less expensive to people in foreign countries. Imports, in these circumstances are likely to decrease because foreign goods will become more expensive. When a nation’s currency is appreciating in terms of other currencies, the opposite is likely to occur.
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The 1_______ of the central bank are many and of a varied character. Firstly, in relation to the large number of commercial banks, it acts as a banker. It accepts 2_______ from, and extends loans to the banks in the country. The central bank is, therefore, rightly called bankers’ bank. Secondly, the 3_______ bank is the lender of the last resort, i.e., in any emergency, if the banks of the country are not in a position to extend credit to the genuine borrowers, the central bank must come to the assistance of the money market and save it from a crisis. Thirdly, the central bank is the 4_______ of the Government. When the Government needs loans for its current requirement for short periods, the central bank is obliged to extend credit to the Government.
The 1_______ of the central bank are many and of a varied character. Firstly, in relation to the large number of commercial banks, it acts as a banker. It accepts 2_______ from, and extends loans to the banks in the country. The central bank is, therefore, rightly called bankers’ bank. Secondly, the 3_______ bank is the lender of the last resort, i.e., in any emergency, if the banks of the country are not in a position to extend credit to the genuine borrowers, the central bank must come to the assistance of the money market and save it from a crisis. Thirdly, the central bank is the 4_______ of the Government. When the Government needs loans for its current requirement for short periods, the central bank is obliged to extend credit to the Government.
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There was a time when things like cattle, salt, shells, etc., were used as the media of exchange. But all these suffer from drawbacks. Precious metals came to be accepted as money, because they had certain advantages. Gold and silver have been accepted as the media of exchange; but that is not the only function of money. 1_______. Distance is measured in yards, feet, inches, etc.; temperature is measured as so many degrees fahrenheit and centigrade; weight is measured in ounces, pounds, tons, etc., and the value of any article is measured in rubles, dollars, shillings, etc. If a wrist watch is more valuable than a book, you can explain that the price of a watch is $40 and that that of a book is $5. 2_______. That is how you measure the value in terms of money. 3_______. Two merchants may be buying and selling a lot of goods from each other. Instead of making payments every day to each other, they may find it much more convenient to write down accounts, and then at the end of every month or year, they may adjust their accounts and make a small amount of payment from the debtor to the creditor. These accounts are written in terms of the currency of the country concerned. Money also functions as a “store” of value. If you do not want to spend your money today, you may keep it with you, as long as you wish. 4_______. For the same reason money can also be used as a standard of deferred payments. If you buy something on credit, you may make the payments at the end of the month, or at any other convenient time. Whether you pay today or after a month it makes no difference in the value of money.
There was a time when things like cattle, salt, shells, etc., were used as the media of exchange. But all these suffer from drawbacks. Precious metals came to be accepted as money, because they had certain advantages. Gold and silver have been accepted as the media of exchange; but that is not the only function of money. 1_______. Distance is measured in yards, feet, inches, etc.; temperature is measured as so many degrees fahrenheit and centigrade; weight is measured in ounces, pounds, tons, etc., and the value of any article is measured in rubles, dollars, shillings, etc. If a wrist watch is more valuable than a book, you can explain that the price of a watch is $40 and that that of a book is $5. 2_______. That is how you measure the value in terms of money. 3_______. Two merchants may be buying and selling a lot of goods from each other. Instead of making payments every day to each other, they may find it much more convenient to write down accounts, and then at the end of every month or year, they may adjust their accounts and make a small amount of payment from the debtor to the creditor. These accounts are written in terms of the currency of the country concerned. Money also functions as a “store” of value. If you do not want to spend your money today, you may keep it with you, as long as you wish. 4_______. For the same reason money can also be used as a standard of deferred payments. If you buy something on credit, you may make the payments at the end of the month, or at any other convenient time. Whether you pay today or after a month it makes no difference in the value of money.
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Imports must be paid for in a currency that is acceptable to the seller. In order to facilitate these transactions, there is a market for the currencies of all trading nations. The selling price of one nation’s currency in terms of the currencies of other nations is known as its “exchange rate”. Exchange rates fluctuate in accordance with the laws of supply and demand.
Imports must be paid for in a currency that is acceptable to the seller. In order to facilitate these transactions, there is a market for the currencies of all trading nations. The selling price of one nation’s currency in terms of the currencies of other nations is known as its “exchange rate”. Exchange rates fluctuate in accordance with the laws of supply and demand.
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The banks no doubt perform very 1_______ functions. They collect small savings of depositors and make them available for investment in trade. They also create 2_______ in the form of credit, and offer financial assistance for genuine business purposes. The banking system will become dangerous to the society, only if it fails to maintain the confidence of depositors. The bank should also keep some investments liquid enough to be cashed at any time, to meet emergencies, and the central bank should always try to 3_______ the commercial banks in times of their difficulties. If these precautions are maintained, the banking 4_______ will be very useful in the economic life of a country.
The banks no doubt perform very 1_______ functions. They collect small savings of depositors and make them available for investment in trade. They also create 2_______ in the form of credit, and offer financial assistance for genuine business purposes. The banking system will become dangerous to the society, only if it fails to maintain the confidence of depositors. The bank should also keep some investments liquid enough to be cashed at any time, to meet emergencies, and the central bank should always try to 3_______ the commercial banks in times of their difficulties. If these precautions are maintained, the banking 4_______ will be very useful in the economic life of a country.
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The letter of application is also called the covering letter. It provides the first direct contact between a candidate and an employer. If it is not written properly, it can produce a bad impression. First of all, you should point out:
– Your home address – note use of post code and home town in capitals.
– Name and address of the person you are writing to.
Usually the letter of application contains 3 or more paragraphs in which you should:
– Say which job you are applying for.
– Qualifications or examinations taken.
– Relevant past experience and why you think you are suitable.
– Indicate your willingness to attend an interview.
The letter of application is also called the covering letter. It provides the first direct contact between a candidate and an employer. If it is not written properly, it can produce a bad impression. First of all, you should point out:
– Your home address – note use of post code and home town in capitals.
– Name and address of the person you are writing to.
Usually the letter of application contains 3 or more paragraphs in which you should:
– Say which job you are applying for.
– Qualifications or examinations taken.
– Relevant past experience and why you think you are suitable.
– Indicate your willingness to attend an interview.
Употребите глагол в нужном времени.
She usually _______ to the market on Saturday.
She usually _______ to the market on Saturday.
Употребите нужную форму вспомогательного глагола.
When Mark arrived, the Johnsons _______ having dinner, but stopped in order to talk to him.
When Mark arrived, the Johnsons _______ having dinner, but stopped in order to talk to him.
Употребите глагол в нужном времени.
I’ll tell you the price when you _______ me.
I’ll tell you the price when you _______ me.
Заполните пропуски в предложении соответствующей неличной формой глагола.
My father likes _______ for long walks in the early morning.
My father likes _______ for long walks in the early morning.
Выберите нужную форму существительного a day во множественном числе.
Употребите нужное местоимение.
Tom and Nick like to play football. _______ are good football players.
Tom and Nick like to play football. _______ are good football players.
Употребите нужную форму имени прилагательного.
This exercise is _______ of all.
This exercise is _______ of all.
Употребите нужную видовременную форму глагола в косвенной речи.
Jane told me that Africa _______ nicer than America.
Jane told me that Africa _______ nicer than America.